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Objective To evaluate the influence of data quality on the sensitivity of early warning syndromic surveillance system based on medical institutions in Qianjiang,Hubei province and explore the relationship between data quality and sensitivity of early warning of the system.Methods The delay reporting rate and underreporting rate were calculated for the evaluation of the data quality.Data obtained from semi-synthetic simulated outbreak and area under the curve (AUC) were used in combination to test the sensitivity of early warning of various models and select the optimal model.Time-series generalized additive model (GAM) was used to analyze the curve fitting and threshold effect between data quality and early warning sensitivity of the system.Results A total of 179 905 cases were reported from April 1,2012 to January 31,2014,in which 8 744 were not reported timely (16.45％).Averagely 416 reporting were delayed in each month.There were 2 566 cases which were underreported (4.83％).Compared with other early warning models,i.e.Cumulative Sum (CUSUM),Shewhart,Exponentially Weighted Moving Average (EWMA),Early Aberration Reporting System (EARS-3C),the MA model had the maximum area under the curve (AUC=0.93),and the difference was significant (P＜0.001).The early warning sensitivity ranged from 84.89％ to 97.25％ during the operation period of the syndromic surveillance system.Underreporting had influence on early warning sensitivity,when underreporting rate was over 2.78％,the sensitivity would decrease obviously.No obvious associations were observed between the delay reporting rate and early warning sensitivity of the system.Conclusion The data quality had influence on the early warning sensitivity of the syndromic surveillance system based on medical institution in Qianjiang.In the context of this study,underreporting had the main influence on the sensitivity of early warning.
ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the influence of data quality on the sensitivity of early warning syndromic surveillance system based on medical institutions in Qianjiang,Hubei province and explore the relationship between data quality and sensitivity of early warning of the system.Methods The delay reporting rate and underreporting rate were calculated for the evaluation of the data quality.Data obtained from semi-synthetic simulated outbreak and area under the curve (AUC) were used in combination to test the sensitivity of early warning of various models and select the optimal model.Time-series generalized additive model (GAM) was used to analyze the curve fitting and threshold effect between data quality and early warning sensitivity of the system.Results A total of 179 905 cases were reported from April 1,2012 to January 31,2014,in which 8 744 were not reported timely (16.45％).Averagely 416 reporting were delayed in each month.There were 2 566 cases which were underreported (4.83％).Compared with other early warning models,i.e.Cumulative Sum (CUSUM),Shewhart,Exponentially Weighted Moving Average (EWMA),Early Aberration Reporting System (EARS-3C),the MA model had the maximum area under the curve (AUC=0.93),and the difference was significant (P＜0.001).The early warning sensitivity ranged from 84.89％ to 97.25％ during the operation period of the syndromic surveillance system.Underreporting had influence on early warning sensitivity,when underreporting rate was over 2.78％,the sensitivity would decrease obviously.No obvious associations were observed between the delay reporting rate and early warning sensitivity of the system.Conclusion The data quality had influence on the early warning sensitivity of the syndromic surveillance system based on medical institution in Qianjiang.In the context of this study,underreporting had the main influence on the sensitivity of early warning.
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Objective To summarize the experience in nursing patients undergoing skin biopsy on head and face . Method One hundred and twenty patients with head facial dermatosis undergoing skin tissue biopsy were nursed from August 2012 to October 2013. Result All operation for biopsy were completed smoothly, with the cure rate at the first phase 100.0%, healing time 5~7 days, averaged (7.0 ± 3.0)d and no complications. Conclusion For those patients having undergone facial skin tissue biopsy, the nursing measures like psychological nursing, health education before operation, preoperative relief of mental disorder, postoperative wound nursing and health education, prevention of complications are critical for their recovery.
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Objective To explore the curative effect of 308 nm excimer laser on child vitiligo and nursing measures. Method Fourty-eight children with vitiligo were treated with 308 nm excimer laser and nursed with targeted psychological treatment, skin and diet nursing.Result After treatment,6 of them got recovered(12.5%),24 remarkably improved(50%),15 slightly improved(31.2%)and 3 ineffectively treated(6.2%).Conclusions 308 nm excimer laser is effective for the treatment of child vitiligo.High quality nursing can ensure and improve the efficiency of the 308 nm excimer laser.
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Objective To summarize key points of nursing patients with cosmetic dermatitis during patch test.Method One hundred and forty one patients with contact dermatitis induced by cosmetics underwent patch test and the nursing care was performed. Results The top five allergens based on the positive rate ranked in descending order were potassium dichromate(43?97%),nickel sulfate (43?26%),cobalt chloride(36?17%),mixture of hydroxy benzoic acid(23?40%)and fragrance mix(20?57%).The positive suspicious cosmetics ranked in ascending order included body spray(80?00%),freckle cream(56?00%),liquid products(38?89%),cleaning supplies (31?58%)and skin care cream(25?62%).Conclusion During the cosmetic patch test for the patients with contact dermatitis,the nurses should conduct mental care,carefully observe the patients and make instructions to them on cosmetic health knowledge.
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Objective To investigate the role of cathepsin G in photoaged fibroblasts. Methods Human fibroblasts were cultured and induced to premature senescence using UVA + MOP methods. Senescence-associated-β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) stain was used to evaluate the positive rate of aged cells. The mRNA and protein expression of cathepsin G in photoaged fibroblasts were detected by real-time RT-PCR and Western blot techniques. Results Over 98 % induced cells presented a positive SA-β-gal straining. The expression of cathepsin G, detected by Western blot, was increased to (1. 70±0. 028) times of the control. And RT-PCR revealed that the synthesis of cathepsin G mRNA was also up-regulated to 1. 42±0. 09. Conclusion The results of our study demonstrates a significant correlation between photoaged fibroblasts and cathepsin G. The up-regulation of cathepsin G may play an important role in the damages of extracellular matrix and activation of MMPS in photoaged human skin.
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Objective To study the nursing points of using the methotrexate to cure the psoriasis vulgaris. Methods Analyzed the nursing courses and the clinical datum about 126 patients with psoriasis vulgaris.Results The clinical effects of using the methotrexate to cure the psoriasis vulgaris was satisfactory and safety. The nursing points included psychological nursing for patients, clinical observation during the course of using methotrexate and the self-protection ofnurses.Conclusion Proper nursing and careful using methotrexate can obtain famous curative effect.
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Objective To discuss the key points of nursing the patch test for patients with chronic eczema. Method Analyze the clinical data and the concreted nursing measures which obtained from 122 chronic eczema patients. Result The top 5 chemical allergic resources of these patients were 0.1% thiomersalate, 5% nickel sulfate,7% aromatic compound,1% formaldehyde(water solution),1% styrene. Conclusion\ The key points of getting successful patch test were following the attention issues before,during and after patch test,and to pay attention to the living nursing and explanation of patch test for patients.
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To discuss the ethical factors influencing the relationship between nurses and patients during the diagnosis and treatment of sexual transmitted diseases(STDs) and bring forward corresponding nursing suggestions for establishing harmonious and new relationship between nurses and patients.Nursing moral obligation,protecting individual privacy of the STDs patients,professional enterprise of nurse,the dnowing right of diseases for STDs patients were mainly ethical factors currently.It would be helped to ameliorate the relationship between nurses and patients that included reinforcing education of nurse professional morality,respecting the personality and individual privacy of the STDs patients,improving the specialty level of nursing,making health education. These ethical measures would standardize the diagnosis and treatment of the STDs in the future.
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Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of oral viaminate(a vitamine A acid derivative)on acne and its effect on the expression of androgen receptor.Methods Two hundred and eigh-teen patients with acne were allocated to treatment group and control group at random:treatment group was treated by oral viaminate;control group was treated by oral minocycline.The treatment lasted for four weeks.The effect of viaminate on the expression of androgen receptor was studied in COLO-16cells in vitro by using Northern blot or Western blot.Results The therapeutic effect of oral viaminate in treatment group was higher than that in control group(P